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Temples in Eastern India          

Jagannath Temple
Kalighat Temple
Budhadeva Temple
Parsuramakund
Kamakhya Temple
Deoghar Temple
Sikkim Temple
Chaturdasha Temple
Manipur Temple
Meghalaya Temple
Mizoram an Introduction
Nagaland an Introduction

Parks in Eastern India              

Nandankanan National Park
Sundarban Park
valmiki Park
Gumti Park
Kaziranga Park
Palamu Park
Kanchendzonga Park
Kamlang Park

Wildlife Sanctuary in East              

Assam Wildlife Sanctuary
Tripura Wildlife Sanctuary
Westbengal Wildlife Sanctuary

Orissa Wildlife Sanctuary
Wildlife Sanctuary Mizoram
Wildlife Sanctuary Nagaland
Culture in East
Culture of Orissa
Culture of West Bengal
Culture of Bihar
Culture of Arunachal
Culture of Assam
Culture of Jharkhand
Culture of Sikkim
Culture of Tripura
Culture of Manipur
Culture of Meghalaya
Culture of Mizoram
Culture of Nagaland

Temple of Manipur

Manipur Temple-

Manipuri temple art and architecture is basically of Hindu style showing more inclination towards the traditional Hindu building art and architecture of Bengal. There is no existence of any temple and its art relating to the animistic faith of ancient Manipur. The architectural style of Manipuri temples exhibit its basis in the ancestral houses of forest dwellers. The temple construction was done with bamboo. It resembles the Bengal temple style. The parabolic contours in the majority of temples of Manipur are a dominating characteristic. This style is prominently achieved in hut-type temples like that of Mahabali Temple and Nagara styles of Govindajee temple and Tangal temple. There are a few temples on Shikhara style .e.g. Kakching Narsingh Thakur temple, Lord Krishna temple of Krishnampat and Krishna Chandra temple of Kakhing Bazar. Another peculiar style is given to Kamakhya temple of Hiyangthang Lairenbi. This temple reveals the amalgamation of Shikhara and pagoda styles. The style of Sanamahi temple is unique, the polygonal Baptistery type in a Gothic style structure ends with Nagara style, having Amalaka Sila on the top. 

The temples are designed on the principle that the main structure, square in plan, its walls vertical but lines and planes (which in most buildings are ordinarily horizontal) in this type  are carried across in its front in series of parallel curves, bent in the form of a bow. Such a distinctive application of curves specially effects the form of the roof and its cornice or eave, which in contour are parabolic and clearly inherited from a bamboo framework given this shape in order to throw off heavy monsoon rains.

The site for the temple, earth's terrestrial surface, has to be near the bank of a river or lake or amongst the groves or on a hillock in solitude. The sites for some of the temples in Manipur have been at the places of the capital of the king Patron. Almost all the temples of Manipur are constructed on Brahmanical rules of Vastushastra. Therefore the square plan is taken as the basis. It denotes the Panchratna plan with Brahma in the central position and other gods on the sides. In all temples the material used was brick and mud. The pedestal or the platform is distinctively prominent in all temples of Manipur because the entire valley is a low lying area and in rainy seasons the ground surface gets flooded. All temples in Manipur have the Mandapas. The most artistic point about the Mandapa is the display of the paintings about the love story of Khamba-Thoibi.

The Vishnu Temple of Bishanpur 

The temple is situated at the Bishanpur town. It was built by the king Kyamba during 1507 AD. It is the oldest temple of Manipur. The entire structure is made of good quality brick and mud plaster. The pedestal consists of a series of five brick layers in concentric arrangement. The lowest layer starts on 1-2 inches high platform. The brick layers at corners towards the portico and the staircases have been oriented to make a parallel turn in such a manner that these form a nice coherency of brick layers in niches. The temple body over its pedestal is in two storeys, the lower sanctum cube, lower Jangha and the upper sanctum cube, the upper Jangha. The in front reaches up to a cornice in its height. The cornice forms a beam of five layers of bricks stepping out a ascending order from the point of the vertical  alignment and similarly five brick layers stepping back in descending  order again to the point  of the vertical alignment, between the upper and the lower sanctum. All three walls of the east, the north and the west have corbelled arch. Below each corbelled arch is a window made to form three slits by placing two bricks longitudinally at a parallel distance. The facade is facing south. Above the cornice is the four-walled upper sanctum cube. There are two false windows on each side. On the southern wall there is a single long rectangular and half-way  perforated window. The solidity of the interior walls block the holes. Therefore the holes do not serve the purpose of providing light to the sanctum hall. The roof above the upper Jangha is constructed in parabolic  style and formed into a domelike structure by semicircular arches which converge at the base of the protuberance on the top. 

The sanctum hall is square and it opens to the portico through a door opening. The Garbha Griha is provided with three windows on east, north and west sides. Internally each window is a square opening out through three slits to form the windows of the corbelled arch. The walls of the sanctum hall are straight up to the point of the neck by perpendicular stepping up of the courses of brick layers. The entrance of the shrine is through two plasters of a rectangular  opening which carries a corbelled arch with niches and achieved through fourteen courses of brick layers.

 
 


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