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Government of Canada


Government

Canada is a federation, with a parliamentary system of government. Being a federation means that powers and responsibilities are divided between the federal government and the 10 provincial governments. Canada also has three territorial jurisdictions. Canada has three levels of government: federal, provincial and municipal (cities and towns). These governments are elected by the citizens of Canada.


Federal government
(Government of Canada)

The federal government is responsible for:

  • defence;
  • foreign policy and foreign relations;
  • banking;
  • the postal service;
  • criminal law;
  • immigration; and
  • citizenship.


Provincial governments

Provincial governments are responsible for:

  • education; and
  • municipal institutions.

They also share responsibility with the federal government for:

  • health services;
  • farming;
  • social assistance;
  • transportation; and
  • the environment.


Territorial governments

The Northwest Territories, Yukon and Nunavut are not sovereign units. They get their powers from the federal parliament, but they have elected assemblies that follow many of the same practices as the provincial governments.


Municipal governments

Municipal governments have functions delegated to them by other levels of government. They are responsible for local matters and services. These include:

  • police and fire protection;
  • water and sewer services;
  • recreation; and
  • local public transportation.

If you are interested, the Web site canada.gc.ca/howgoc/glance_e.html has more information about how Canadians govern themselves.

 

 

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